Hah, Palestine predates even ancient Israel by at least a century. Name existed in various form in egyptian, assyrian, greek, latin, arabic languages and all others that took it from one of them.

And contrary to many eurocentric takes on history, Fertile Crescent region never experienced something on a scale of Great Migration period so despite a lot of population movement modern populations often are more or less descendants of ancient people. For example, there are even descendants of Sumerians still living in south Iraq.