Most people are aware that gasoline sucks as a fuel and is responsible for a large portion of carbon emissions, but defenders love to trot out that “if every end consumer gave up their car, it would only remove like 10% of carbon emissions”
I can find tons of literature about the impact gasoline vehicles have, but is there any broader studies that consider other factors—like manufacture, maintenance, and city planning—while exploring the environmental and/or economic impact of cars and car culture?
I know there’s great sources that have made these critiques, but I’m looking for scientific papers that present all the data in a single holistic analysis
Re city planning:
The youtube channel Not Just Bikes has a lot to say about car-centric design, but isn’t as data heavy as I’m looking for. They also have a series on the organization Strong Towns, whom does have more data in their critiques of car-centric city planning, but they spread everything out across half a day’s worth of videos and recorded talks, and even more in podcasts and books and an online “academy.”