The Cosmopolitan Society for the Resistance and Placement of Bakery Workers was founded in Buenos Aires on August 4, 1887, by Italian anarchist labor organizer Ettore Mattei.

The statutes for the union were drafted by Errico Malatesta, another Italian anarchist.

It was the first bakers’ union in Argentina, and the country’s first society based around the principles of solidarity and resistance; members utilized direct action and the labor strike.

August 4, the date of the union’s establishment, was declared National Bakers’ Day by the National Congress of Argentina in 1957.