Each state gives a certain number of points, and if you win the state you win all the points from that state, candidate with the most points wins. So if 51% of people in a state vote for a candidate, that’s exactly the same number of points as if 100% vote for them. That means that if one candidate wins a lot of states but not by much, and the other candidate wins other states by a landslide and overall gets more votes, maybe the first candidate still wins because half those votes don’t count for anything, what matters is the points.
Also, technically each state has its own mini government that gets to decide who to give the points to, they don’t have to let people vote. That’s how there is a conspiracy called the “Interstate Compact” various states have agreed to, where if enough states agree then they will just give all the points to the candidate with the popular vote nationally, rather than giving the points to the candidate the people of that state voted for. The idea being to get rid of the points system and make it so the winner of the popular vote always wins.
edit: Looked it up and noticed that what I said about 51% giving all points isn’t actually universally true, due to the state government getting to decide how the points are allocated and some of them doing it differently:
All states except Maine and Nebraska use a party block voting, or general ticket method, to choose their electors, meaning all their electors go to one winning ticket. Maine and Nebraska choose one elector per congressional district and 2 electors for the ticket with the highest statewide vote.
Each state gives a certain number of points, and if you win the state you win all the points from that state, candidate with the most points wins. So if 51% of people in a state vote for a candidate, that’s exactly the same number of points as if 100% vote for them. That means that if one candidate wins a lot of states but not by much, and the other candidate wins other states by a landslide and overall gets more votes, maybe the first candidate still wins because half those votes don’t count for anything, what matters is the points.
Also, technically each state has its own mini government that gets to decide who to give the points to, they don’t have to let people vote. That’s how there is a conspiracy called the “Interstate Compact” various states have agreed to, where if enough states agree then they will just give all the points to the candidate with the popular vote nationally, rather than giving the points to the candidate the people of that state voted for. The idea being to get rid of the points system and make it so the winner of the popular vote always wins.
edit: Looked it up and noticed that what I said about 51% giving all points isn’t actually universally true, due to the state government getting to decide how the points are allocated and some of them doing it differently: