Telomere length, as a biomarker of accelerated aging, is closely related to many chronic diseases. We aimed to explore the association between coffee consumption and telomere length. Our study included 468,924 participants from the UK Biobank. Multivariate linear models (observational analyses) were conducted to evaluate the associations of coffee intake, instant coffee intake, and filtered coffee intake with telomere length. In addition, we evaluated the causality of these associations in Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses by four methods (inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), MR-Egger, and weighted median). Observational analyses indicated that coffee intake and instant coffee intake were negatively correlated with telomere length, which was equal to 0.12 year of age-related decrease in telomere length for each additional cup of coffee intake (p < 0.001), and 0.38 year of age-related decrease in telomere length for each additional cup of instant coffee intake (p < 0.001), respectively. There was no significant correlation between filtered coffee and telomere length (p = 0.862). Mendelian randomization analyses supported the results of observational analyses. Coffee intake was found to have a causal effect on telomere length through weighted median analysis (p = 0.022), and instant coffee intake had a causal effect on telomere length through IVW analysis (p = 0.019) and MR-PRESSO analysis (p = 0.028). No causal relationship was found between filtered coffee intake and telomere length (p > 0.05). Coffee intake, particularly instant coffee, was found to have an important role in shortening telomere length.
  • Mika@beehaw.orgEnglish
    2·
    1 year ago

    It seems like filtered coffee did not have a negative relationship in this study.

    I wonder why? I am not super familiar with the specifics of instant coffee but gather that’s it is basically very concentrated.

    • memfree@beehaw.orgEnglish
      1·
      1 year ago

      From my reading, you are correct, but their methodology for determining what type of coffee people drank was very limited and the authors know it. While they didn’t see any of the issues they were tracking with normal filtered coffee, they did theorize a reason why instant may be a problem.

      From the paper:

      The health effects of instant coffee, which varied from other subtypes of coffee, might be caused by their different ingredients. The mineral lead in instant coffee was more abundant than that in other coffee types, and long-term consumption of instant coffee may result in excessive lead [41]. Additional substances added to commercial instant coffee, such as creamer and flavoring agents, might partially explain the negative effect [25,26].

      Also:

      Instant coffee consumption has been proven to be associated with obesity [44,45]. Compared to women who did not regularly drink coffee, those who drank instant coffee had a higher risk of developing breast cancer [46]. Instant coffee was regarded as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and frailty in the elderly [47,48]. Instant coffee might have the effect of shortening telomere length, and might lead to the occurrence and development of diseases. Therefore, we emphasized the importance of coffee types and the consumption of instant coffee at an appropriate amount. More research needs to identify whether the ingredients in instant coffee results in shorter telomere length.

      The paper then goes on to list the limitations they know to exist with their own research and suggest that more work be done.

    • Mika@beehaw.orgEnglish
      1·
      1 year ago

      Just some speculation, maybe sourcing cheaper/multiple kinds of beans? Is instant coffee single source? If it’s not it could be that some of the beans that are being sourced have higher lead content. I know for example that lead is a problem in tea leaves if not monitored for, as the plants will take up lead from the soil.

    • gerbal@beehaw.orgEnglish
      1·
      1 year ago

      Instant gets much higher extraction than any other form of brewing. Hypothetically, it’s more likely to extract trace metals at higher concentrations than other methods.