Neo Launcher seems to have either tabs or folders, not both (you have to choose one). Seems fairly close to what I want overall, still missing a few features

Kvaesito with its tags is really interesting but that’s not how I use launchers. If it had also supported modifying the default app list with tags as alternative views then it would’ve been great for me. And it would also need better tools for managing tags (bulk adding apps, navigating tags)

Lawnchair doesn’t let me customize folders within the app list