I could be wrong on this, but I think Kelvin is basically required for thermodynamic measurements. Entropy measurements, for example, depend on ratios between temperatures relative to absolute zero. You could still manage using centigrade of course, but you would have to offset all of your temperature measurements by 273.15

Probably a lot of other physical applications that also depend on having an absolute zero reference, but that’s the only one I can think of for now.